UNIT 7
1. COMPARATIVE REVIEW & PATTERNS
1. COMPARATIVE REVIEW & PATTERNS
Positive Form
Use the positive form of the adjective if the comparison contains one of the following expressions:
- as … as
Example: Jane is as tall as John.
- not as … as / not so … as
Example: John is not as tall as Arnie.
Comparative Form and Superlative Form (-er/-est)
■One-syllable adjectives (clean, new, cheap)
■Two-syllable adjectives ending in -y or -er (easy, happy, pretty, dirty, clever)
POSITIVE FORM
|
COMPARATIVE FORM
|
SUPERLATIVE FORM
|
clean
|
cleaner
|
(the) cleanest
|
Exceptions in spelling when adding -er / -est
■Silent ‘e’ is dropped
Example: late-later-latest
■Final ‘y’ after a consonant becomes i
Example: easy-easier-easiest
■Final consonant after short, stressed vowel is doubled
Example: hot-hotter-hottest
Comparative Form and Superlative Form (more/most)
■adjectives of three or more syllables (and two-syllable adjectives not ending in -y/-er)
POSITIVE FORM
|
COMPARATIVE FORM
|
SUPERLATIVE FORM
|
difficult
|
more difficult
|
most difficult
|
COMPARATIVE FORM AND SUPERLATIVE FORM
(IRREGULAR COMPARISONS)
| ||
POSITIVE FORM
|
COMPARATIVE FORM
|
SUPERLATIVE FORM
|
good
|
better
|
best
|
bad / ill
|
worse
|
worst
|
little (amount)
|
less
|
least
|
little (size)
|
smaller
|
smallest
|
much / many
|
more
|
most
|
far (place + time)
|
further
|
furthest
|
far (place)
|
farther
|
farthest
|
late (time)
|
later
|
latest
|
late (order)
|
latter
|
last
|
near (place)
|
nearer
|
nearest
|
near (order)
|
- next
| |
old (people and things)
|
older
|
oldest
|
old (people)
|
elder
|
eldest
|
Online Practice
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/adjectives-adverbs/adjectives/compare-exercises
http://www.grammar-quizzes.com/compare.html
http://www.grammar-quizzes.com/muchmore.html
http://www.grammar-quizzes.com/compare.html
http://www.grammar-quizzes.com/muchmore.html
2. CAUSATIVE VERBS
Let / Make / Have / Get
The following is a mini-tutorial on the use of the causative verbs "let," "make," "have," and "get." After you have studied the tutorial, complete the associated exercises. If you already know how to use these verbs, you can skip the explanation and go directly to the exercises.
LET
FORM: [let + person + verb]
USE
This construction means "to allow someone to do something."
Examples:
•John let me drive his new car.
•Will your parents let you go to the party?
•I don't know if my boss will let me take the day off.
MAKE
FORM: [make + person + verb]
USE
This construction means "to force someone to do something."
Examples:
•My teacher made me apologize for what I had said.
•Did somebody make you wear that ugly hat?
•She made her children do their homework.
HAVE
FORM: [have + person + verb]
USE
This construction means "to give someone the responsibility to do something."
Examples:
•Dr. Smith had his nurse take the patient's temperature.
•Please have your secretary fax me the information.
•I had the mechanic check the brakes.
GET
FORM: [get + person + to + verb]
USE
This construction usually means "to convince to do something" or "to trick someone into doing something."
Examples:
•Susie got her son to take the medicine even though it tasted terrible.
•How can parents get their children to read more?
•The government TV commercials are trying to get people to stop smoking.
GET vs. HAVE
Sometimes "get someone to do something" is interchangeable with "have someone do something," but these expressions do not mean exactly the same thing.
Examples:
•I got the mechanic to check my brakes.
At first the mechanic didn't think it was necessary, but I convinced him to check the brakes.
•I had the mechanic check my brakes.
I asked the mechanic to check the brakesOnline Practice
http://www.englishpage.com/minitutorials/letexercise.htm
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